Books and Documents > Medical Department of the U.S. Army in the World War, Volume III, Finance & Supply
SECTION VII
DENTAL AND VETERINARY EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES
CHAPTER XXXVIII
DENTAL EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES
PORTABLE DENTAL OUTFIT
Professional dentistry was introduced into the Army of the United States in 1901 following the act of February 2 of that year reorganizing the Medical Department. This act provided, among other things:1
That the Surgeon General of the Army with the approval of the Secretary of War, be, and he is hereby, authorized to employ dental surgeons to serve the officers and enlisted men of the Regular and Volunteer Army, in the proportion of not to exceed one for every one thousand of said Army, and not exceeding thirty in all. Said dental surgeons shall be employed as contract dental surgeons under the terms and conditions applicable to Army contract surgeons and shall be graduates of standard medical or dental colleges, trained in the several branches of dentistry, of good and professional character, and shall pass a satisfactory professional examination: Provided, That three of the number of dental surgeons to be employed shall be first appointed by the Surgeon General, with the approval of the Secretary of War, with reference to their fitness for assignment under the direction of the Surgeon General, to the special service of conducting the examinations and supervising the operations of the others.
By the act of March 3, 1911,2 a Dental Corps was added to the Medical Department, replacing the contract dental surgeons authorized by the act of February 2, 1901. This act increased the number of dental surgeons to 60 and provided for as many acting dental surgeons as might from time to time be authorized by law. The total number of dental surgeons and acting surgeons was limited to one to each 1,000 actual enlisted strength of the Army, the same as in the preceding act. This act placed the dental surgeons of the Army upon a permanent and substantial footing.
In accordance with the act of February 2, 1901, the number of contract dental surgeons was limited to 30 and in no case was this number to exceed 1 per 1,000 of the enlisted strength of the Army. The strength of the Regular Army at that time was approximately 60,000. The troops were widely scattered. Because of this dispersion, and in order that as many of the enlisted personnel as practicable might receive dental treatment, dental surgeons were given a number of stations which they served on itinerary. This itinerary required that each contract dental surgeon have a dental outfit which could readily be taken with him wherever his itinerary called him and which would enable him to furnish the treatment required. It was necessary that the outfit be portable and packed in such manner that it could be shipped
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readily and the contents be made available with a minimum of inconvenience. Such an outfit, consisting essentially of a portable engine and chair and the necessary instruments and accessories, was developed in 1901. Because of the conditions in which it was to be used, this outfit almost from the beginning was called a portable outfit.
A suitable foot engine was found which could be taken apart and packed in a small case about the size of an ordinary dress-suit case. This case was made of fiber board and contained compartments in which the several parts of the engine could be securely fastened for shipment. The case was provided with suitable catches and locks.
FIG. 39.- Portable dental outfit
An ingenious chair was developed which consisted of a skeleton frame, tripod base, and adjustable back and headrest. Seat, back, and supporting part of the headrest were made of canvas. The chair could be taken apart with facility and packed into a small box fitted with a compartment to receive each part. The foot rest consisted of two metal bars with cross pieces and when in use was attached to the top of the chest in which the chair was packed. The foot rest packed inside the chest with the chair for shipment. The general appearance of the chair and dental engine is shown in Figure 39. In this illustration the dental engine carrying case and one of the dental instrument chests appear in the right foreground.
The contents of the portable dental outfit changed from time to time. As advance in dental procedures progressed, new articles were added and obsolete
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articles discarded. The contents of the outfit, as modified, appeared in each succeeding revision of the standard supply table from 1902 to 1916, inclusive. In May, 1917, the dental equipment then in use was revised for war purposes. The list of contents of the outfit follows.
Portable outfit, M.M.D. 854
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Portable outfit, M.M.D. 854 - continued
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Portable outfit, M.M.D. 854 - continued
The dental surgeon secured his technical equipment and replenishments on requisitions in the same manner as other medical supplies were obtained. These requisitions were made in triplicate and forwarded through the surgeon of the post at which the dental officer was serving, and the chief surgeon of the department, to the Surgeon General. These requisitions were forwarded annually for all articles on the supply table for which a definite allowance was fixed. The articles for which no definite allowance was fixed and for special articles not on the supply table, were forwarded quarterly as the need arose.3
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BASE DENTAL OUTFIT
The portable outfit was not particularly adapted to the more complicated treatment and procedure required at the large hospitals. It contained no provision for dentures and bridges. Since there was need for a larger and more extensive outfit for general hospitals and for the larger and more important military posts, a supplementary unit was provided.4 It consisted essentially of a few additional pieces of furniture, including a standard dental chair and cabinet for instruments, a few additional instruments and a laboratory outfit, and the necessary supplies for dentures. This outfit was used in conjunction with the dental engine, dental instruments, and miscellaneous supplies of the portable outfit. Provision was made for the use of an electrical equipment at a few places where electric current was available. This equipment was originally classified as additional dental outfit. It later came to be known as base outfit.4 The contents of this outfit, like that of the portable outfit, were modified from time to time and revised again in May, 1917. The contents of the outfit of 1917 provided during the war period, appears below:
Base Outfit
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Base Outfit - continued
DENTAL UNITS
In planning for dental equipment for war use, it was contemplated at first that the only type of equipment to be furnished would he the portable outfit.5 Since serious difficulties had been experienced in securing delivery on 100 portable dental outfits purchased in the summer of 1916, the chief difficulty at that time being to obtain dental engines, the prospect of obtaining an adequate number of these outfits in 1917 did not seem very bright. However, portable
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outfits were needed wherever the troops were stationed, and that type of equipment had to be provided; but it was feared, in making early plans for the supply of dental equipment, that the combined output of all the manufacturers of dental apparatus, instruments, and supplies would be unable to meet the requirements of the Army.6 As the large hospitals were developed at the training camps, the need for the larger base outfit at those hospitals became urgent and it was decided to provide one base outfit for each hospital. After the troops had arrived at the camps and they were examined physically, it became evident that dental treatment more extensive than had been anticipated would be necessary. While peace-time recruiting regulations required the rejection of applicants who had a number of teeth missing, the war-time requirements7 paid relatively little attention to the teeth, provided the man was otherwise sound. Dentures and restorations became the rule. Since work of this character could not well be done with the portable outfit, and the large dental chair and electric dental engine in common use could be obtained more readily than the portable type, it was decided in the autumn of 1917 to establish at every training camp dental infirmaries equipped with base dental outfits, where the services of the dental surgeon could be fully utilized and practically every kind of dental treatment needed could be furnished.8 After considerable study, it was decided that three or four dental infirmaries, properly located, could serve the camp better than one. Accordingly, these infirmaries were designed for one orthodontist and nine operating dental surgeons. A new unit of equipment was designed for them, the object being to provide a maximum of service with a minimum of equipment. While dental chairs and electric engines were provided for each operating dental surgeon, much of the equipment was used in common. A list of this equipment follows:
Supplies for 1 unit of 9 operating dental surgeons and 1 exodentist for cantonments--3 units to be supplied to each cantonment
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Supplies for 1 unit of 9 operating dental surgeons and 1 exodentist for cantonments--3 units to be supplied to each cantonment - continued
The organization of these dental units and the type of work contemplated is described in the following letter of instructions, promulgated by the Surgeon General to all officers of the Medical Department concerned, October 16, l9l7: 9
DENTAL UNITS
1. Dental surgeons will be organized to work in units, for each of which a dental infirmary will be constructed. Until such time as dental unit buildings shall be completed, working space for the dental personnel should be provided in the base hospital and regimental infirmaries or other suitable available buildings. In selecting such space, due and equitable consideration should be had for the needs of the dental service.
2. While not permanently assigned to any definite organization, a dental unit will ordinarily serve a brigade, with such additional organizations as may be conveniently assigned.
3. Each dental unit will operate under an assistant dental surgeon, selected by the dental surgeon for his suitability for such detail. All dental officers are under the immediate control of the dental surgeon, who in turn is under the immediate supervision of the division surgeon. The dental personnel of the surgical head units will be assigned by the Surgeon General.
4. Ordinarily one assistant dental surgeon and 10 operating dental surgeons will be assigned to each dental unit. This number may be modified as circumstances render advisable, subject to the approval of the Surgeon General.
DENTAL PROPERTY AND REPORTS
1. Dental reports will be submitted as follows:
a. To the dental surgeon (direct).
1. Consolidated report by each dental unit.
2. Consolidated report by dental officers attached to the surgical head unit.
3. Individual report by dental surgeons not included above, should there be such.
b. The dental surgeon will consolidate such individual reports (class 3) as he may receive, and forward all reports to the Surgeon General, through the division surgeon.
2. The dental property in use by the dental personnel in the camp should be carried on the return of the camp medical supply officer, who will issue it on memorandum receipts to such officers as the dental surgeon may designate. All requests for dental supplies and equipment must be approved by the dental surgeon, who will be responsible for the submission of the necessary requests for the proper equipment of the dental service at the camp and for the proper care, use, and preservation of all dental equipment in use.
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TYPES OF DENTAL WORK AUTHORIZED IN THE UNITED STATES
1. Dental officers will do the usual work now authorized by regulations.
2. The base hospital dental laboratories, dental units, general hospitals, and other important stations designated by the Surgeon General, will be equipped to do the following work in addition.
3. Repair of crowns, bridges, and plates for men who have been accepted wearing these appliances.
4. Making new plates for men for whom their regimental surgeon or the dental surgeon recommend such work as necessary for health.
IN FRANCE
1. Dental units will be sent over with personnel and equipment sufficient to do practically the same types of work as described above for the United States. These units will be assigned to such hospitals, tactical organizations, or territorial sections, as the chief surgeon may decide.
2. The units attached to the head surgery hospitals will be especially organized with personnel and equipment to do the types of work required.
EQUIPMENT FOR BASE AND EVACUATION HOSPITALS
Since the dental infirmaries described above were intended for the most part to furnish treatment to the military personnel not on sick report, it was necessary to provide means in base hospitals for full dental treatment for such patients as might be undergoing treatment therein. The list of dental equipment which was compiled for this purpose appears below.
This equipment was designed for economy of apparatus and efficiency of service. It was intended to provide equipment for four dental surgeons.
Base hospital unit dental equipment
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Base hospital unit dental equipment - continued
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Base hospital unit dental equipment - continued
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Base hospital unit dental equipment - continued
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Base hospital unit dental equipment - continued
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Base hospital unit dental equipment - continued
Weight and Displacement Data, Packed for Shipment
The need of a dental outfit for evacuation hospitals also presented itself, and a table of equipment of a dental unit for such hospitals was prepared. This outfit, with a very few modifications, was the standard portable outfit to which a modified laboratory equipment of the base outfit was added.10 Evacuation hospital dental units were assembled complete and forwarded overseas, in such numbers as were required. The articles in this unit were selected with great care for the emergency work required at such hospitals. Its contents were similar to those of the equipment for an overseas base hospital. (See Chap. XXXIII.)
PRODUCTION OF DENTAL INSTRUMENTS
The United States has long been the leader in the world’s production of dental instruments. In this it had a very great advantage over the surgical industry. The conditions surrounding the dental instrument industry in 1917 were very much more favorable. The manufacturing concerns were well established and organized for quantity production. The expansion of the industry was effected without great difficulty. Dental instruments, for the most part, have been machine made. They have been of such uniform and satisfactory quality that, as is not the case with surgical instruments, they have been sold almost to the exclusion of foreign makes.11
The problem of a supply of dental instruments was never so serious as that of surgical instruments; nevertheless, the demand for them exceeded the capacity of the old established factories to produce. Several new plants for the manufacture of dental burs and the smaller instruments for which the demand was the greatest came into being during the World War.11 Although shortages existed many times, they were met in due time. For the most part, deliveries by the several manufacturers were prompt and fairly in accordance with
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promised schedule. The war contracts, when finally completed or terminated, found the Medical Department with large stocks of every kind of dental instruments and appliances on hand. The war contracts running at the time of the signing of the armistice were completed or terminated in conformity with the needs of the Medical Department. The terms of settlement were fair and satisfactory to the majority of the contractors. The only difficulty experienced was in adjusting the contracts of the manufacturers but recently embarked on the production of dental instruments.
In providing dental equipment for the first million men, instruct-ions issued by the Surgeon General, May 25, 1917, directed the purchase of 500 sets of portable dental apparatus.12 On July 2, 1917, instructions were issued for the purchase of 400 additional dental outfits.13 The president of the dental manufacturers’ war emergency association estimated the time for completing the production of the 500 outfits to be about two months.14 The order was placed June 7, and the officer in charge of the medical supply depot at New York, reported, September 19,15 that the delivery of the 500 outfits had just been completed, and the outfits were assembled at the New York depot as rapidly as the materials were received. In September, 1917, the number of outfits assembled per week had reached 75. Of the 900 outfits ordered purchased, 524 had been assembled and issued before the end of September, 1917.
Instructions were issued by the Surgeon General about the end of August, 1917, for the purchase of 1,000 additional portable dental outfits. The progress on delivery of the articles contained in these outfits was such that the medical supply offices’ at New York anticipated that 1,400 outfits would have been assembled and distributed by the end of 1917.15
Additional purchases of portable outfits were made from time to time as the increase in the number of dental officers made necessary. The last authorization to purchase was issued August 14, 1918, and called for 1,000 such outfits.16 The total number of portable dental outfits, for which orders were placed during the period April 4, 1917, to November 30, 1918, was 4,030.17 On October 4, 1918, there were in active service in the United States Army, 4,135 dental officers, of whom 2,330 were in the United States and 1,805 overseas.18
BASE OUTFITS
The first purchase of the base dental outfits during the war period was authorized August 14, 1917 19 This authorization called for 60 such outfits. Thirty-two of the outfits were intended for the base hospitals at the various training camps; the remaining 28 were intended for overseas. The actual purchases made during the quarter ending September 30, 1917, of dental outfits were limited to the 60 authorized. When the development of the dental infirmaries, the purchase of large numbers of dental chairs and electrical dental engines were made. Each dental infirmary was equipped with 10 chairs and 10 engines. Approximately 400 chairs and engines were required for the equipment of all the infirmaries authorized to be established. As base hospitals
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began to be sent overseas in increasing numbers in the fall of 1918, base outfits in large numbers again became necessary. The total purchases of dental chairs and electrical dental engines during the period April, 1917, to November, 1918, were 1,550 chairs and 1,184 electric dental engines.17
REPLENISHMENT SUPPLIES
In addition to the articles contained in the portable outfits and the base outfits authorized to be purchased, authorization was given October 8, 1917, for the purpose of a miscellaneous lot of dental supplies equivalent to approximately 2,000 portable outfits and 100 base outfits, excepting only the heavier bulky articles.20 On February 11, 1918, the Surgeon General furnished a new schedule for the purchase of dental supplies to the officer in charge of the medical supply depot at New York.21 This schedule provided a definite allowance for 1,000,000 men as an initial equipment and, in addition, specified the quantities to be purchased quarterly. A new schedule was promulgated in June and augmented in August, 1918. The total quantities of dental supplies of all kinds purchased during the World War, so far as can be determined from available records, appear in the appendix (p.912).
DISTRIBUTION
The earlier plan for distribution of the portable dental outfits within the United States contemplated placing a definite number of these outfits at each of the medical supply depots. The Surgeon General’s instructions of July 26, 1917, directed the distribution of these outfits to medical supply depots as follows:22 Atlanta, 200; Chicago, 110; Philadelphia, 110; St. Louis, 110; San Antonio, 110; San Francisco, 62. From each of these depots the outfits were to be issued to the troops in the area supplied by them. It was also intended to stock these depots with miscellaneous dental supplies. The quantities available, however, did not keep pace with the demand, and it was later decided to snake all distribution of loose dental stock direct from the New York medical supply depot.
The War Department tables of organizations obtaining in the spring of 1917 allowed 27 dental surgeons per division, and on this basis 27 dental outfits were issued to each organized division.23 This allowance was increased in March, 1918, to provide for 31 dental surgeons, of whom 1 acted as division dental surgeon.24 Under this new authorization 30 portable outfits were issued per division. So far as practicable the outfits issued to and in use by dental surgeons in each division in the United States were completed in all respects before the departure of the division for service overseas and taken with them.
The portable outfit for overseas service included all the articles in the outfit considered actually necessary and which had formerly been supplied from hospital stock at the stations where dental surgeons served. The original outfit consisted of six packages: Dental engine in chest, dental chair in chest, field desk, two instrument chests, and a supply chest. For overseas service five additional packages were added: One containing a portable stand and table; one a coal-oil stove, single burner; one a box of medicines; another a
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box of miscellaneous supplies; and finally a box of alcohol. These 11 packages measured 39.28 cubic feet and weighed 775 pounds.25 Considerable difficulty was experienced by the Medical Department in securing transportation for these outfits overseas, which led frequently to the situation where a dental surgeon arriving overseas was without an outfit for several weeks. To overcome this, the Surgeon General, on the initiative of the chief surgeon, A.E.F., instituted a movement in June, 1918, to have the outfits transported overseas as personal baggage.26
SHIPMENTS TO FRANCE
The plans for dental equipment for the overseas forces contemplated that only portable outfits would be sent. The standard dental chairs, cabinets, benches, and switchboards were bulky and there was insufficient cargo space. The electric dental engines were excluded on account of lack of definite information of the electric current available. Such information as had been received indicated that the current supply differed in practically every city in France, and the voltages and cycles, if alternating, varied greatly from those in use in the United States. The type of current, voltage, and, if alternating, the cycle, on which the equipment is to operate must be known before any electric equipment can be purchased. The universal motor that would operate on any ordinary current had not then come into general use, although a few were being made. The base dental outfit could not well be sent to France. The portable outfit, on the other hand, could be used anywhere, provided the necessary shelter, light, and heat were provided.
The plan of distribution of portable dental outfits followed very much the peace-time arrangement of issuing an outfit to every dental surgeon unless he were assigned to a hospital having other dental equipment. The plan was, during 1917, to issue a portable outfit to every dental surgeon under orders for overseas duty. The New York depot was instructed to issue outfits to such dental surgeons as they passed through that port en route to France. The surgeon of the port was also informed of this plan and cooperated in securing the equipment.27 The dental surgeons themselves were instructed to report in person at the New York depot en route and obtain their outfit. Any dental surgeon en route to France who did not have an outfit could obtain one by calling at the depot and showing his orders. It was the continuing endeavor of the Surgeon General’s Office and the New York medical supply depot to equip every dental surgeon before he left the United States. Without his equipment on arrival at the point of debarkation, his time would be wasted. The outfit was loaded on the same ship with the dental surgeon whenever that was practicable.
It was reported that some dental officers passing through the port either did not report at all or their stay was too short to enable them to secure an outfit. To meet this condition portable outfits were sent to the medical supply depot in France from time to time as the need indicated. Instructions were issued August 22, 1917, for the shipment of 20 portable outfits to that depot.28 Instructions of October 15, 1917, directed the shipment of 30 more such outfits, complete as listed in the supply table, omitting four medicines
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not considered necessary.29 These shipments continued to be made. The medical supply officer, New York, reported September 13, 1918, that there had been shipped to France during the period June 1 to August 31, 1918, 391 complete portable outfits.30
A few base dental outfits were sent to France in the fall of 1917, but shipments of such outfits were discontinued.
The officer in charge of the base medical supply depot in France forwarded a requisition for dental supplies under date of August 4, 1917. This requisition called for a miscellaneous assortment of articles on the dental supply table. It reached the Surgeon General August 23, 1917.31 Eight days later a cablegram was received from the commanding general, A. E. F., that the dental supplies requested on that requisition were urgently needed.32 On September 10 the the medical supply officer at New York reported the shipment that day of 83 packages of dental supplies, weighing 6,935 pounds.33 All articles on the requisition were included in the shipment. Loose dental stock continued to be sent to France until the armistice was signed. Beginning with October, shipments went forward, in so far as available stocks would permit, in accordance with a monthly automatic replenishment list. This list represented the estimated requirements for one month. The articles included in this list were limited to the expendable articles on the supply table. As many times the quantities on the automatic replenishment list were sent each month as there were times 26,000 troops in France. The nonexpendable articles on the supply table were to be sent as initial equipment and upon requisition.
The automatic supply table received from the chief surgeon, A. E. F., in May, 1918, called for quantities materially greater than those on the table previously used. It had been difficult to secure the quantities on the former automatic replenishment list and it became doubly so with those on the new list. Production was unable to keep pace with the demands in spite of expansion of existing facilities and the development of new sources of supply. Because shipments overseas had fallen so far short of the quantities directed to be shipped, the Surgeon General, on October 26, 1918, directed the officer in charge of the medical supply depot in New York to suspend all domestic shipments of dental supplies that would in any way interfere with shipments of such supplies to the American Expeditionary Forces, until the automatic replacements for France, up to and including the September replacement, had been docked.34
Although the shipments never caught up with the automatic supply table received in May, 1918, huge quantities of all kinds of dental supplies were forwarded and there is no evidence that a shortage of them existed during 1918. Even during 1917, after the initial shipment reached France, there was no real difficulty in meeting all legitimate requirements.
REFERENCES
(1) Act of February 2, 1901 (31 Stats. 748).
(2) Act of March 3, 1911 (36 Stats. 1054).
(3) Manual for the Medical Department, U. S. Army, 1916, 492-495.
(4) Ibid., 855-856.
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(5) Letter from the Surgeon General to the officer in charge, Medical Supply Depot, New York, May 16, 1917. Subject: Dental supply table. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 14039-50.
(6) Letter from the medical supply officer, New York, to the Surgeon General, September 14, 1917. Subject: Suggestions as to relief of congestion of supplies. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 713-539/30.
(7) Special Regulations No. 65, W. D., 1917.
(8) Letter from the Surgeon General to the officer in charge, Medical Supply Depot, New York, October 10, 1917. Subject: Supplies for one unit of 10 operating dental surgeons. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 531 Misc./53.
(9) Dental Letter No. 2, Surgeon General’s Office, October 16, 1917.
(10) Letter from the Surgeon General to the officer in charge, Medical Supply Depot, New York, June 14, 1918. Subject: Dental equipment. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 713-539 N. Y. D./757.
(11) Letter from G. W. Wallerich, in charge of instrument department, General Purchasing Office, Medical Department, Washington, D. C., 1918, to Col. Edwin P. Wolfe, M. C., July 29, 1927, relative to surgical and dental instruments. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 713-539 N. Y./1258.
(12) Letter from the Surgeon General to the officer in charge, Medical Supply Depot, New York, May 25, 1917. Subject: Supplies for a million men. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 14039-20.
(13) Letter from the Surgeon General to the officer in charge, Medical Supply Depot, New York, July 2, 1917. Subject: Portable dental outfits. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 14039-136.
(14) Letter from Frank H. Taylor, President Dental Manufacturers’ War Emergency Association, Philadelphia, Pa., to Col. H. C. Fisher, S. G. O., June 25, 1917, relative to dental requirements, Army, Navy, and Red Cross. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 187 D.M.W.E.A./1.
(15) Letter from the officer in charge, Medical Supply Depot, New York, to the Surgeon General, August 30, 1917, and first indorsement, S. G. O., September 1, 1917. Subject: Portable dental outfits. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 713-53988.
(16) Letter from the Surgeon General to the officer in charge, Medical Supply Depot, New York, August 14, 1918. Subject: Portable dental outfits. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 713-539 N. Y./210.
(17) Total purchases, April 6, 1917, to November 11, 1918, compiled from records on file in the Surgeon General`s Office. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 531 Misc./ P.
(18) Memorandum for Colonel Darnall from Lieut. Col., J. R. Bernheim, Dental Corps U. S. Army, October 7, 1918. Subject: Dental officers. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 531 Misc./D.
(19) First indorsement, Surgeon General, to the officer in charge, Medical Supply Depot, New York, August 14, 1917, concerning base dental outfits. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 713-539/11.
(20) First indorsement, Surgeon General, to the officer in charge, Medical Supply Depot, New York, October 8, 1917, approving request of that officer of October 5, 1917, to purchase dental supplies, quantities listed. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 713-539/166.
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(21) Letter from the Surgeon General to the officer in charge, Medical Supply Depot, New York, February 11, 1918. Subject: Schedule of dental supplies. On file, Financeand Supply Division, S. G. O., 713-539 N. Y. D./433.
(22) Letter from the Surgeon General to the officer in charge, Medical Supply Depot, New York, July 26, 1917. Subject: Portable dental outfits. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 14039-182.
(23) Second indorsement, Surgeon General to the medical supply officer, 5th division, Camp Logan, Tex., February 4, 1918, relative to dental outfits. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 534-127-Logan/117.
(24) Letter from The Adjutant General to the Surgeon General, March 26, 1918. Subject: Dental personnel attached to divisions. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 750-14 A.G./124.
(25) First indorsement, Medical Supply Depot, New York, to the Surgeon General, February 2, 1918. Subject: Dental equipment. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 713-539/ 408.
(26) Par. 5, Cable No. 1316, H. A. E. F., June 16, 1918 and First Indorsement, Surgeon General`s Office to Embarkation Service (attention Mr. Jordan) On file, Finance and Supply Division, S.G.O., 250 France/ 291.
(27) Letter from the Surgeon General to the surgeon, Port of Embarkation, Hoboken, N. J., August 23, 1917. Also: First Indorsement, surgeon, Port of Embarkation, Hoboken, N. J., to the Surgeon General, September 12, 1917, relative to issue of portable dental outfits. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 583-340/11.
(28) Letter from the Surgeon General to the officer in charge, Medical Supply Depot, New York, August 22, 1917. Subject: Issue of portable dental outfits to France. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 713-539/53.
(29) Letter from the Surgeon General to the officer in charge, Medical Supply Depot, New York, October 15, 1917. Subject: Dental outfits to France. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 713-250/4.
(30) First Indorsement, Medical Supply Depot, New York, to the Surgeon General, September 13, 1918, relative to Dental equipment. On file, Finance and Supply Division S. G. O., 713-539 N.Y./912.
(31) Requisition for dental supplies, A. E. F., August 4, 1917. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 713-250/4.
(32) Par. 5, Cable No. 134, H. A. E. F., Paris, August 31, 1917.
(33) Letter from the officer in charge, Medical Supply Depot, New York, to the Surgeon General, September 10, 1917. Subject: Dental supplies to France. On file, Finance and Supply Division, S. G. O., 713-250/4.
(34) Letter from the Acting Surgeon General to the officer in charge, Medical Supply Depot, New York, October 26, 1918. Subject: Replacements. Copy on file. Historical Division, S. G. O.
