Contents
FRONT PICTURE:Brigadier General Raymond A. Kelser
FOREWORD
PREFACE
I. Evolution of Military Veterinary Medicine, 1775-1916
II. Development of the Army Veterinary Service,1916-1940
Legislation and Major Administrative Directives
Administration and Organization
Personnel
Training andInstructional Services
Equipmentand Supplies
III. Mission and Administration
Missionand Responsibilities
Administration
IV. Personnel
Composition ofthe Veterinary Corps
VeterinaryOfficer Procurement
PersonnelMatters
VeterinaryEnlisted Men
V. Training and Instructional Services
TrainingVeterinary Officers
Training Veterinary Enlisted Personnel
UnitTraining
Instructional Services
VI. Supply and Equipment
MedicalDepartment Procurement and Distribution
MedicalDepartment Supply Items
Non-MedicalDepartment Supply and Equipment
Oversea Supply
VII. Functional Organization in the Zone ofInterior
WarDepartment Organization
RelationshipWithin the Army Service Forces
Role ofPersonnel Assigned to the Technical Services
Role ofPersonnel Assigned to Service Commands
VIII. Functional Organization in Theater and Minor Commands
VeterinaryService of Field Units
TypicalTheater Veterinary Service Organization
Base,Defense, and Minor Theater Commands
IX. Functional Organization in the Middle East, Mediterranean (FormerlyNorthAfrican), and European Theaters
U.S.Army Forces in the Middle East
Mediterranean(Formerly North African) Theater
European Theater
X. Functional Organization in the Asiatic-Pacific Theaters
The ThreePacific Areas
U.S. ArmyForces in Central Pacific Area
U. S.Army Forces in South Pacific Area
U. S.Army Forces in the Far East
U. S.Army Forces, Pacific
U. S.Army Forces, China-Burma-India
XI. Laboratory Service and Research
Principles and Practices
Service Command Medical Department Laboratories in the Zone of Interior
OverseaTheater Veterinary Laboratory Service
RelationWith Other Laboratories
LaboratoryResearch and Investigations
XII. Civil Affairs and Military Government
Development
Mediterranean Theater
EuropeanTheater
Pacific Theaters
Animal Procurement in the Zone ofInterior
Remount Depot System
Oversea Theater Remount Operations
Army Horse Breeding Plan
XIV. Animal Care and Management
StationVeterinary Service With Animals
Animal Quarantine
Feeds and Feeding
Horseshoesand Shoeing
Dispositionof Animals
Transportationby Ship
Transportationby Railroad
Transportationby Truck
Transportationby Airplane
Road March
XVI. Evacuation and Hospitalization
VeterinaryHospital System in the Zone of Interior
AnimalEvacuation Plan
Oversea Deployment
Dog Procurement
Army DogCare and Management
Oversea Deployment
Signal Pigeon Procurement
Pigeon Care and Management
OverseaDeployment
XIX. Animal Farms, Captured Animals, and Privately Owned Animals
Animal Farms
Captured Animals
PrivatelyOwned Animals
XX. Military Meat and Dairy Hygiene
Classification of Veterinary Products and Establishment Inspections
Veterinary Food Procurement Inspections
Veterinary Food Surveillance Inspections
Food Protection and Conservation
Illustrations
1. Training potential meat and dairy hygienists
2. Trainingveterinary enlisted men
3. Students receiving instruction in canned food inspection
4. Instructing Chinese, Field Artillery Training Center
5. Classroom instruction, U.S. Army Training Center, K`un-ming, China
6. Food testing kit for detecting chemical warfare agent contamination of foods
7. Biological production, Army Veterinary School, Army Medical Center
8. Operation of the veterinary lead line
9. Quartermaster Corps horse ambulance, 1940
10. Maj. T. C. Jones, VC, Registrar, Registry of Veterinary Pathology, Army Institute of Pathology
11. Veterinary Food Laboratory, California Quartermaster Depot, Oakland, Calif.
12. Testing laboratory at the Atlanta Army Service Forces Depot, 1945
13. Shipside inspection of foods of animal origin in Zone of Interior ports
14. Aerial view of Animal Remount Station, Camp Plauche, New Orleans, La.
15. Conference of service command veterinarians held at Chicago, Ill., 18 March 1944
16. Post stables, Fort Douglas, Utah
17. Kennel areas in the Panama Canal Department
18. Post veterinarian`s building, Fort Pepperrell, Newfoundland
19. Professional assistance provided to the Icelandic agricultural authorities and their veterinarians
20. Headquarters building and row of box stalls at the 2605th Veterinary General Hospital, Mirandola, Italy
21. Veterinary personnel inspecting milk supplies in Milan, Italy
22. Veterinary officers in the United Kingdom
23. Veterinary personnel inspecting ration reserve dumps in the European theater
24. Military and civilian veterinarians attending the annual convention ofveterinarians in Hawaii
25. Veterinary dispensary and office of Army Garrison Force veterinarian, Tinian
26. Col. Wayne O. Kester, VC, and Col. Ernest E. Hodgson, VC, comparing the keeping qualities of meat and dairy products
27. The Army Veterinary Service supervising the production of cured and smokedhams in Australia
28. Pasteurization of fresh fluid milk supply as required by the Army Veterinary Service, Australia
29. Trier inspection of cured and smoked ham, Melbourne, Australia
30. U.S. Navy personnel, under Veterinary Corps supervision, conducting inspectionsof sausages and other foods in Australia
31. Slaughtering and packing poultry in Australia under Veterinary Corpssupervision forsupply to the Armed Forces in the SWPA
32. Inspection of the canning of dried egg powder produced under reverselend-leaseagreement inAustralia
33. Supervision of animal sick call in the training center for the Chinesemilitaryforces, Ramgarh, India, 1944
34. A Veterinary Corps officer hoof branding an anthrax-vaccinated ChineseArmyanimal
35. Horseshoeing shop, Veterinary School, Infantry Training Center,K`un-ming, China
36. Experimental surgery onlaboratory animal
37. Animal house, Ninth Service Command Medical Laboratory, Presidioof Monterey,Calif.
38. Animal house, stockroom, Ninth Service Command Medical Laboratory,Presidioof Monterey, Calif.
39. Animal house, Ninth Service Command Medical Laboratory, Fort Lewis,Wash.
40. Guinea pig room, animal house, Ninth Service Command Medical Laboratory,FortLewis, Wash.
41. Veterinaryfood analysis in the 1st Medical General Laboratory, Salisbury, England
42. Laboratory building of the University of Reykjavik, Iceland, 1941
43. Veterinary laboratory at the University- of Reykjavik,Iceland, 1941
44. Ulcerous lesions of foot-and-mouth disease
45. Cattle being artificially infected with suspension of the viral agent offoot-and?mouthdisease
46. Hog farm belonging to U.S.Navy-administered civil affairs/military government, Saipan
47. Veterinary officers, U.S. Army Military Government, Seoul NationalUniversity,Seoul,Korea
48. Veterinary dispensary, Headquarters, Western Remount Breeding andPurchasingArea, Pomona, Calif.
49. Americanmules, U.S. Army Remount Station, Grosseto, Italy
50. The S.S. Virginian, converted animal transport used in World War II
51. Loading mules by rope net at Naples, Italy, September 1944
52. Training for amphibious landing
53. Unloading of horses by Troop B, 252d Quartermaster RemountSquadron,CampPolk, La.
54. Unloading stock cars at Puente, Calif.
55. Mule being processed for oversea shipment
56. Fifth U.S. Army truck at an animal ambulance loading point, Costel DeRio,Italy,30 September 1944
57. Fifth U.S. Army truck loaded with mules for transport into thefrontlines, Scarperia,Italy, September 1944
58. Experimental trials on airlifting a field artillery packbattalion, New Guinea,May1943
59. Loading animals from truck to airplane at the Sahmaw, Burma,airstrip
60. U.S. Army airplanes with bamboo stall-likepartitions
61. Capt.L. T. Lacey, VC, supervising the unloading of wounded animals
62. Veterinary Corps officers examining and treating sick and woundedanimals,FifthU.S. Army Remount Station
63. Ambulance loading point of the 2d Platoon, Company E (Veterinary),13th Mountain Medical Battalion
64. Animal ambulance, 2d Platoon, Company E (Veterinary), 13th MountainMedicalBattalion
65. Veterinary officers with the 18th Veterinary EvacuationHospital
66. U.S. Army veterinary personnel training Chinese military personnel
67. Interior of the Front Royal, Va., dog center hospital
68. Multiple-kennel unit, Front Royal, Va., dog center
69. Cleaning and disinfection of Army dog kennels, Front Royal, Va
70. Special shipping crates for dogs, stowed aboardships
71. A guard dog party, War Dog Detachment, China-Burma-India theater
72. Pigeoneers cooperating with veterinary officers to maintain healthybirds
73. Maintaining pigeon efficiency by the use of clean and good-quality pigeonfeed
74. Specially designed pigeon lofts in the HawaiianIslands
75. Lofts of the 279th Signal Pigeon Company, Hawaiian Islands
76. Examinationand treatment of Army pigeons, Signal Pigeon Center, Tidworth,England
77. Army hog farm in Levant Service Command
78. Army hog farm at Decamere, Eritrea
79. Hogs at the Ledo, India, farm being treated for screw-worminfestation
80. Army hog farm at Ledo, India
81. Hospital patient working on theanimal farm at Pawling Convalescent Center, N.Y.
82. Diversifiedanimal farm at Pawling Convalescent Center
83. Army task force dairy herd, Christmas Island
84. Examination of a captured animal
85. Extensive second-degree burns on a captured German horse
86. Second-degree burns on a horse captured in the Po Valley
87. Antirabies vaccination, Chatham Army Air Force Field
88. Veterinary Corps officer conducting routine sanitary inspection of milkpasteurizingplant
89. Veterinary Corps officers inspecting procurements of dehydratedvegetables
90. Army Veterinary Service personnel inspecting subsistence supplies,European theater
91. Inspecting vegetables and fruit at a U.S. general depot inEngland
92. Veterinary inspection of the fresh milk supply in Iceland
93. Supervision of the processing and temperatures of canned meats,Australia
94. Preparation of frozen boneless beef for procurement by marketcenters
95. Subsistence arriving overseas without adequatepacking
96. Aerial port of embarkation for perishable subsistence supply inIndia, March 1944
97. Veterinaryin-storage inspections of subsistence at an Army depot in the United Kingdom,1944
98. Quartermaster refrigerated storage point onTinian, 1945
99. Subsistencestacked on the ground, Ledo area, India
100. Veterinary food salvage operations at quartermaster depot in theEuropean theater
101. Trainingand equipping Veterinary Corps personnel to handle subsistence contaminated bychemical warfare agents
102. Veterinary food-security supervisors on duty in commercial foodestablishment inthe HawaiianIslands
Maps
1. Quartermaster Remount Purchasing and Breeding Areas, Army Service Forces, May 1942.
2. Service Commands, August1942.
3. Base sections and bases in Australia, as of June 1942, and New Guinea bases, as of August 1944.
4. Army bases in the Philippine Islands, 1945.
5. India-Burma theater, showing principal locations of operations of the Army VeterinaryService.
6. Veterinary units in the China theater, as of 1945.
7. Laboratory locations in the Zone of Interior.
8. Laboratory locations in Europe.
9. Laboratory locations in the Pacific.
10. Occupied areas of Germany and Austria.
Charts
1. Functional organization of the Chicago Quartermaster Depot, Chicago, Ill., 17 August 1945.
2. Functional organization of the office of the service command surgeon, winter 1943-44.
3. Typical organization of a service command laboratory, showing veterinary service.
4. Functional organization of the army-type or communications zone medical laboratory.
5. Functional organization of a medical general laboratory.
6. Organization of Allied Commission and Allied Military Government, Italy, October 1943 to September 1945.
7. Distribution of veterinary civil affairs/military government officers in occupied Germany, October 1945.
8. Veterinary Corps officers assigned to civil affairs/military government in the European theater, 1943-48.
Tables
1. Promotion of Veterinary Corps, Regular Army, officers, as described by law, 1916-40.
2. Veterinary personnel enrolled in training courses and schools in World War I.
3. Veterinary service to horses and mules in the U.S. Army, 1941-46.
4. Veterinary service to U.S. Army horses and mules, by disease and external cause(or injury), 1941-45.
5. Inspections of foods of animal origin, procured, handled, and issued by the U.S. Army Veterinary Service, 1941-46.
6. Rejections of foods of animal origin before and following U.S. Army procurement, 1941-46.
7. Personnel on duty in the Veterinary Division, Surgeon General`s Office, 1939-46.
8. Composition of the Veterinary Corps, according to component, 1939-46.
9. Veterinary Corps, Regular Army, 1939-46.
10. Veterinary Corps, National Guard, 1939-44.
11. Officers ordered to active duty in the Veterinary Corps, by component,1939-45.
12. Representative programs for veterinary officers` Meat and Dairy HygieneCourse,ChicagoQuartermaster Depot, Chicago, III.
13. Programs for the Course for Veterinary Technicians, 1943-45.
14. Programs for the Course for Meat and Dairy Hygienists, ChicagoQuartermasterDepot,Chicago, Ill.
15. Weight, size, and price data of veterinary small unit assemblies.
16. Weight, size, and price data of Medical Department unit assemblages forveterinaryunits.
17. Inspection of meat and dairy products by the Army Veterinary Service withQuartermaster and Army Service Forces depots, 1940-45.
18. Assigned veterinary personnel, field artillery battalions.
19. Veterinary inspections of food in the Mediterranean theater, 1944.
20. Sick and wounded U.S. Army horses and mules, European theater,1944-45.
21. Distribution of veterinary personnel, Hawaiian Department, December 1942.
22. Newly activated veterinary food inspection detachments, SWPA, October1944.
23. Deployment of veterinary food inspection detachments, New Guineabases,SouthwestPacific Area, 1943-45.
24. Food samples received and determinations made, Veterinary Section,SecondServiceCommand Medical Laboratory, 1941-45.
25. Food samples and animal specimens received, Veterinary Service, FourthService CommandMedical Laboratory, 1941-45.
26. Tests conducted on food samples and animal specimens, VeterinarySection, Fifth Service Command Medical Laboratory, 1942-45.
27. Water and food samples received by Veterinary Section, Sixth ServiceCommand MedicalLaboratory, 1942-45.
28. Food samples received and determinations made, Seventh ServiceCommandMedicalLaboratory, 1942-45.
29. Food analyses conducted by Veterinary Section, Eighth ServiceCommand MedicalLaboratory, 1942-45.
30. Clinicodiagnostic laboratory procedures, Veterinary Section,Eighth Service Command Medical Laboratory, 1943-45.
31. Analyses and examinations of food and water, Veterinary Section, NinthService CommandMedical Laboratory, Presidio of Monterey, Calif., 1942-43.
32. Tables of organization for assigned veterinary personnel,1940-45.
33. Tables of organization for veterinary personnel, medical laboratories,comparedto totalpersonnel strength.
34. Examinations conducted by the Veterinary Section, 1st Medical GeneralLaboratory,1943-45.
35. Examinations conducted by the Veterinary Section, 5th MedicalLaboratory, 1943-45.
36. Numbers of German livestock, 1938, 1945, and1946.
37. Veterinary physical examinations conducted on mules and horsesprocured for theArmy in the Zone of Interior, 1940-45.
38. Sick and wounded animals of the Fort Reno, Okla., and Fort Robinson,Nebr., Remount Depots, 1939-45.
39. Period of stay of veterinary animal service units in support ofquartermaster remountdepots in the China-Burma-India theater.
40. Breeding-foaling results among remount depot brood mare bands,1940-45.
41. Mean strength for Army horses and mules in the U.S. Army, 1940-45.
42. Procurement inspection of animal feeds and forage procured by the U.S. Army, 1940-45.
43. Movements and losses of horses and mules on animal transports accompanied by the U.S. Army Veterinary Service.
44. Veterinary hospitals and dispensaries with animal patient capacities for 10 ormore animals, mid-1940.
45. Veterinary hospitals and dispensaries newly established in the construction programs, 1941-42.
46. Veterinary construction plans, 1941.
47. Veterinary evacuation and hospital units organized and deployed in World War II.
48. Personnel space authorizations for veterinary evacuation and hospital units.
49. Historical record of veterinary evacuation and hospital units activated in World War II.
50. Sick and wounded animals of the Fifth U.S. Army, Mediterranean theater,1943-45.
51. Sick and wounded animals admitted into the Italian 213th Veterinary GeneralHospital, Italian Veterinary General Hospital, and Italian 1st VeterinaryGeneral Hospital, 1944-45.
52. Sick and wounded animals of the Allied Chinese armies treated in the China?Burma-India and India-Burma theaters.
53. Deployment of veterinary animal service detachments with the Allied Chinese military forces in the China theater.
54. Sick and wounded animals of the Allied Chinese Army in China treated in theChina theater.
55. Sick and wounded animals of tactical units, South Pacific Area.
56. Sick and wounded animals of the 61st, 63d, and 68th Quartermaster Pack Troops and the 98th and 167th Field Artillery Battalions.
57. Location of Army dog centers, Zone of Interior, 1942-45.
58. Sick and wounded animals cared for by the 2604th Veterinary Station Hospital and the 2605th Veterinary General Hospital, May 1945.
